High Middle Ages timeline (1001-1300)

1025: Basil II died

1040: Moveable Type created

1049-54: Pope Leo IX

1066: Battle of Hastings and the Norman Conquest

1071: Battle of Manzikert

1073-85: Gregorian Reformation

1075-1122: Investiture Controversy

1095: Urban II declares the First Crusade

1096-99: The First Crusade

12th century: Revolution in thought, Rise of Universities, and Monks deemphasize learning

1120: Knights Templar form

1152-90: Frederick Barbarossa

1154-97: Hohenstaafen family vs. Italy

1170: Thomas Becket murdered

1176: Myriocephalam

1187: Battle of Hattin

1187: Saladin takes Jerusalem

1190-92: Third Crusade

1204: Capetian ascendancy

1204: Crusaders sack Constantinople

1206-1337: Mongol Invasions

1214: Battle of the Bouvines

1215: Fourth Lateran Council

1215: Jews marginalized by Fourth Lateran Council

1215: Magna Carta

1229: Inquisition established

1250: Frederick II dies

1260: Battle of Ain Jolut

1261: Greeks retake Byzantine Empire

1265: First English Parliament

1274: Samma Theologica (Thomas Aquinas)

Ancient Egypt timeline

3500 B.C.: First settlers in the Nile Valley

3500-3100 BC: Pre-Dynastic Egypt

3100-2700 B.C.: Early Dynastic Period

2700-2200 B.C.: Old Kingdom

2600s B.C.: First Pyramid

2500s B.C.: Pyramids at Giza built

2050-1650 B.C.: Middle Kingdon

-Temple of Karnak built

-Nubia conquered

1650: B.C.: Hykos Invasion

1650-1550 B.C.: Hykos rule

1550-1050 B.C.: New Kingdom

-Ramses II and Kadesh

-Exodus?

-Akhenaten

-Hatshepsut

- King Tut

1050-728 B.C.: Egypt split

728 B.C.: Piy conquers Egypt

525 B.C.: Persian conquers Egypt

332 B.C.: Alexander conquers Egypt

305 B.C.: Ptolemy becomes Pharoah

31 B.C.: Battle of Actium

30 B.C.: Cleopatra commits suicide

4th century A.D.: Last hieroglyphs written

400-642: Byzantine rule

642: Muslims conquer Egypt

History Shorts: Mazikert (1071)

The Battle of Manzikert spelled the beginning of the end for the Byzantine Empire. The Seljuq Turks decisively defeated the Byzantines and captured the Emperor Romanos IV. It began Turkish consolidation of Anatolia and undermined the Byzantines in key army recruiting grounds. The battle opened the door for a Turkish invasion and the led to economic and civil disruptions within Constantinople. In 1453, the Ottoman Turks completed the conquest.

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OGnvFHjj7kQ

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VO68tplwtFo

History Shorts: Islam takes Jerusalem (638 A.D.)

Muhammad died in 632. He created Islam, expanded the religion, and left its future to his followers. Muslims continued to spread their doctrine by the sword. In 636, Umar the Great laid siege to Jerusalem after defeating the Byzantine Empire at the Battle of Yarmouk. The city fell and became part of the Caliphate in 638. Four centuries later, European Christians marched to the Holy Land to reclaim the city. In the meantime, Islam continued its violent expansion into Africa and Europe.

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zFt5feDQo-s

History Shorts: Justinian's Plague (541-542)

Justinian reconquered the Western Roman Empire and Europe seemed assured of escaping the Dark Ages. In 541, a pandemic struck the globe unraveling Justinian’s conquests. The plague seems to have originated in China and moved westward killing 25 million. Constantinople was especially hard hit. The disease wiped out 40% of the populace. Research indicates the plague was not the same disease that ravaged Europe in the 14^th century. The plague might have been brought forth by cold, damp weather following a massive volcanic eruption. In the end, the disease decimated the Byzantine Empire and its ability to hold onto Western Europe. As a result, Europe entered the Dark Ages.

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Mzb5K5M8cgY

History shorts: The Nika Riots (532 A.D.)

Constantinople tired of Emperor Justinian’s tax policies. At the chariot races, fans of various teams grew unruly and rioted. Some politicians decided to use the mob rioting as a pretext to overthrow the emperor. Justinian freaked and fled to the docks. As he prepared to go into exile, his wife Theodora convinced him to face the mob. Justinian grew a backbone and viciously put down the revolt. 30,000 died in the rioting and Justinian’s vengeance. Afterward, Justinian rebuilt the city and constructed the Hagia Sophia. He also created the Justinian Code and reunited the Eastern and Western Roman Empires for a time.

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7ONRc_wuvl0